The decision was driven largely by wartime hysteria, racial prejudice, and pressure from military and political leaders rather than credible evidence of espionage or sabotage. Notably, German Americans and Italian Americans faced far less scrutiny despite the U.S. also being at war with Germany and Italy.
In 1988, Congress formally acknowledged the injustice through the Civil Liberties Act, issuing a national apology and providing $20,000 in reparations to each surviving internee. Executive Order 9066 remains a stark reminder of the tensions between national security and civil liberties in times of crisis.
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